C#开发跨平台游戏——游戏中动画速度的调整
上次我们提到如何在游戏中使用多张图片实现动画，细心的朋友会发现动画的播放速度过于快，那么我们如何来控制动画的速度呢？
原理是定义动画的切换时间T1，即多少时间变化一次（当前索引），单位为毫秒。再定义一个动画切换后过了多长时间T2,然后用这个时间T2去和T1去做比较，看是否超过了，如果超过这个时间那么切换到下一张图片。T2恢复到小于每秒切换时间T1，单位为毫秒。
打开Game1.cs,找到【int currentFrame = 0;// 当前图片索引】在下方定义两个变量
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int timeLastFrame = 0;//每次切换图片后经过的时间 int timePerFame = 100;//每100毫秒切换一次,默认是16.666毫秒切换一次，即画面刷新率每秒60帧 |
然后找到【Update(GameTime gameTime)】方法，找到上次提到的动画代码，替换为
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timeLastFrame = timeLastFrame + gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.Milliseconds;//图片切换后经过的时间（毫秒） if (timeLastFrame > timePerFame) { timeLastFrame = timeLastFrame - timePerFame;//将图片切换后经过的时间恢复到小于每秒切换时间，保证下面代码执行一次 if (currentFrame >= blacksmithJoyTextures.Count - 1) { currentFrame = 0; } else { currentFrame += 1; } } |
完整代码如下：
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using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; namespace HelloWorld.XNA { /// <summary> /// This is the main type for your game /// </summary> public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; SpriteBatch spriteBatch; SpriteFont defaultFont; Color backgoundColor; Texture2D mouseCursor; Vector2 mouseCursorPosition; Texture2D buttonNormal; Texture2D buttonMoveOver; Texture2D buttonPressed; Rectangle buttonRect; Texture2D button; Song backgroundMusic;//定义背景音乐 SoundEffect buttonPressedSound;//定义按钮音效 List<Texture2D> blacksmithJoyTextures;//定义图片列表 Rectangle blacksmithJoyRect;//动画的位置及大小 int currentFrame = 0;// 当前图片索引 int timeLastFrame = 0;//每次切换图片后经过的时间 int timePerFame = 100;//每100毫秒切换一次,默认是16.666毫秒切换一次，即画面刷新率每秒60帧 public Game1() { graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth = 800; graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight = 600; graphics.IsFullScreen = false; IsMouseVisible = false; } /// <summary> /// Allows the game to perform any initialization it needs to before starting to run. /// This is where it can query for any required services and load any non-graphic /// related content. Calling base.Initialize will enumerate through any components /// and initialize them as well. /// </summary> protected override void Initialize() { // TODO: Add your initialization logic here base.Initialize(); } /// <summary> /// LoadContent will be called once per game and is the place to load /// all of your content. /// </summary> protected override void LoadContent() { // Create a new SpriteBatch, which can be used to draw textures. spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); // TODO: use this.Content to load your game content here defaultFont = Content.Load<SpriteFont>("DefaultFont"); backgoundColor = Color.CornflowerBlue; mouseCursor = Content.Load<Texture2D>("MouseCursor"); buttonNormal = Content.Load<Texture2D>("ButtonNormal"); buttonMoveOver = Content.Load<Texture2D>("ButtonMoveOver"); buttonPressed=Content.Load<Texture2D>("ButtonPressed"); buttonRect = new Rectangle(300, 200,128,128); button = buttonNormal; backgroundMusic = Content.Load<Song>("BackgroundMusic");//加载背景音乐 buttonPressedSound = Content.Load<SoundEffect>("ButtonPressedSound");//加载按钮音效 MediaPlayer.IsRepeating = true;//重复播放背景音乐 MediaPlayer.Play(backgroundMusic);//播放背景音乐 //MediaPlayer.Volume = 1;//背景音乐声音大小(0.1f-1.0f) //MediaPlayer.Stop(); blacksmithJoyTextures = new List<Texture2D>(); for(int i=0;i<30;i++) { Texture2D blacksmithJoyTexture; if (i < 10) { blacksmithJoyTexture = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Joy/0_Blacksmith_Joy_00" + i); } else { blacksmithJoyTexture = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Joy/0_Blacksmith_Joy_0" + i); } blacksmithJoyTextures.Add(blacksmithJoyTexture); } blacksmithJoyRect = new Rectangle(100, 100, 200, 200); } /// <summary> /// UnloadContent will be called once per game and is the place to unload /// all content. /// </summary> protected override void UnloadContent() { // TODO: Unload any non ContentManager content here } /// <summary> /// Allows the game to run logic such as updating the world, /// checking for collisions, gathering input, and playing audio. /// </summary> /// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param> protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { // Allows the game to exit KeyboardState keyboardState = Keyboard.GetState(PlayerIndex.One); if(keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Escape)) { this.Exit(); } if(keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.F10)) { graphics.IsFullScreen = true; graphics.ApplyChanges(); } if(keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.F11)) { graphics.IsFullScreen = false; graphics.ApplyChanges(); } if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.F12)) { graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth = 1920; graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight = 1080; graphics.ApplyChanges(); } MouseState mouseState = Mouse.GetState();//获取鼠标状态 if(mouseState.LeftButton==ButtonState.Pressed)//判断是否按下了鼠标左键 { backgoundColor = Color.Red;//将背景设置为红色 if (buttonRect.Contains(mouseState.X, mouseState.Y))//判断鼠标是否移动到按钮上并且按下 { button = buttonPressed;//将按钮设置为按下状态 buttonPressedSound.Play();//播放按钮音效 } } else { if (buttonRect.Contains(mouseState.X, mouseState.Y))//判断鼠标是否移动到按钮上 { button = buttonMoveOver;//将按钮设置为悬停状态 } else//鼠标不在按钮上 { button = buttonNormal;//将按钮设置为正常状态 } backgoundColor = Color.CornflowerBlue;//放开鼠标左键恢复成蓝色 } mouseCursorPosition = new Vector2(mouseState.X, mouseState.Y); timeLastFrame = timeLastFrame + gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.Milliseconds;//图片切换后经过的时间（毫秒） if (timeLastFrame > timePerFame) { timeLastFrame = timeLastFrame - timePerFame;//将图片切换后经过的时间恢复到小于每秒切换时间，保证下面代码执行一次 if (currentFrame >= blacksmithJoyTextures.Count - 1) { currentFrame = 0; } else { currentFrame += 1; } } // TODO: Add your update logic here base.Update(gameTime); } /// <summary> /// This is called when the game should draw itself. /// </summary> /// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param> protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(backgoundColor);//绘制游戏背景 // TODO: Add your drawing code here spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.DrawString(defaultFont, "这是我的第一个游戏", Vector2.Zero, Color.White); //绘制按钮 spriteBatch.Draw(button, buttonRect, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(blacksmithJoyTextures[currentFrame], blacksmithJoyRect, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(mouseCursor,mouseCursorPosition,Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); } } } |
点击【启动】
运行效果，动画明显变慢了即100毫秒才切换一次。所以改变timePerFame的值就可以改变动画的速度
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